July 11, 2023

ISRO ne Chandrayaan 3 Failure Kyu Kaha

ISRO has stated that it has chosen a "failure-based design" for the second attempt to ensure that the rover successfully lands on the moon even if some things go wrong. India's third lunar mission is scheduled to launch on Friday. It is loaded with more fuel, a slew of safety measures, and a larger landing site.

After Chandrayaan-2 crashed-landed in September 2019 as a result of a software glitch, Chandrayaan-3 will launch at 2:35 p.m. on July 14.

S Somanath, chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), stated on Monday that the space agency chose a failure-based design for Chandrayaan-3 rather than a success-based design for Chandrayaan-2. This design focused on what could fail and how to protect it and ensure a successful landing.

"We looked at a lot of failures, including engine failure, algorithm failure, sensor failure, and calculation failure. Thus, whatever the disappointment, we maintain that it should land at the expected speed and rate.

He explained, "So, there are various failure scenarios calculated and programmed inside."

The chief of ISRO provided minute details about what went wrong with Chandrayaan-2's Vikram lander as it crashed into the known 500 m x 500 m landing spot on the lunar surface. The engines designed to reduce its velocity produced more thrust than anticipated.

"The main problems were that we had five engines that were used to slow down the speed, which is called retardation. These motors created a higher push than what was generally anticipated," he told correspondents here uninvolved in the India Space Congress coordinated by SIA India.

According to Somanath, the errors caused by this differential accumulated over time when such a higher thrust occurred.

"The number of errors accumulated was significantly higher than we had anticipated. The craft had to turn very quickly. At the point when it began to turn extremely quickly, its capacity to turn was restricted by the product since we never anticipated that such high rates should come. The ISRO chief stated, "This was the second issue."

He said the third justification behind the disappointment was the little 500m x 500m site recognized for handling the shuttle.

"The specialty was attempting to get there by expanding the speed. "It kept getting faster and faster until it was almost touching the ground," Mr. Somanath stated.

More or less, the issue in Chandrayaan - 2 was that the capacity to deal with boundary scattering was extremely restricted, he said.

"Consequently, what we did this time was to simply expand that further and examine the potential outcomes. Therefore, in Chandrayaan-3, we are employing a failure-based design rather than a success-based design. How everything can go wrong and how to prevent it. "We have taken this approach," Somanath stated.

"We extended the area of arrival from 500m x 500m to four km by 2.5 km. Because it can land anywhere, you can aim it at any location. In nominal conditions, it will only target a specific point. Thus, assuming the exhibition is poor, it can land anyplace inside that area," Mr Somanath said.

According to him, the Chandrayaan-3 also has more fuel, making it more capable of traveling, handling dispersion, and relocating to a different landing site.

According to the head of ISRO, the Vikram lander now has additional solar panels on other surfaces to guarantee that it will continue to generate power regardless of where it lands.

"We inquired about what would occur if it landed faster. Will it not land? After that, "we tested it completely after increasing the vertical velocity component from 2 m/s to 3 m/s."

He said cranes were used to test the landing procedures and the spacecraft's ability to withstand vibrations was also tested by flying it over various terrains with a helicopter.